The history of the running stitch is really the history of the needle and thread.
The Palestrina knot stitch is a highly textured, beadlike stitch belonging to the family of knotted stitches.
The two-sided Italian cross-stitch is a square, densely textured stitch and is another member of the large cross-stitch family.
Herringbone is from the large cross-stitch family and has many aliases—Mossoul, Russian, Russian cross, catch, Persian, witch, fishnet, and plaited stitch.
The split stitch is one of the oldest and simplest of the basic embroidery stitches, visually resembling a small compact chain stitch, but with a much narrower and flatter appearance.
One of the oldest surface-embroidery stitches, the coral stitch is a versatile and widely used member of the popular knotted-stitch family with the French knot being the most famous.
The buttonhole stitch was historically used to strengthen the cut edges of buttonholes but developed into a decorative surface-embroidery stitch with numerous variations.
The tête de boeuf stitch is commonly referred to as head of the bull, although a direct translation from the French is “head of beef” stitch, and it also goes by the names of ox head and detached wheat ear.
The knitting stitch, a double row of straight stitches slanting in opposite directions, forms a solidly stitched, braidlike pattern on a canvas or fabric surface, and resembles true knitting.
The versatile Vandyke or Van Dyke stitch is a variable-width stitch with a distinctive, centrally raised plait or braid. It is rather unique among embroidery stitches because it does not have multiple names.